These controversies regarding the relationships among citizenship pressure, OCBs and CCBs might be due to ways that OCBs are measured. Within the literature, OCBs have frequently been described as spontaneous behaviours and rated by colleagues or leaders (e.g.2). Other-rated measurements are struggling to establish the behavioural motivations fundamental OCBs1,11. This https://www.youtube.com/shorts/ZsO9iQ1SGS4